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to be observed by scientists. Landers reach the planet’s surface and then take pictures and other information from their landing spot. Rovers have wheels that allow them to move around on the planet’s surface. They gather information about the types of rocks that make up the planet. They can even detect which chemicals are present in each rock. The data they collect helps shape scientists’ understanding of the history of Mars, and it might provide a clearer picture of the evolution of our solar system. Orbiters The first orbiter to circle around Mars was Mariner 9. It was sent to the red planet in 1971. The pictures it took provided the world with an amazing map of the surface of Mars. It gave us detailed depictions of volcanoes, canyons, and polar ice caps on the planet. Orbiters gave incredible details about the geological make up of Mars. They even provided evidence that Mars had been water- covered in the distant past. Landers Landers first made contact with Mars in 1976. Though they were stationary, they provided scientists with new data. They recorded Martian temperatures, took the first ground-view photos, and explored soil properties. Some landers remained on Mars for more than six years, so they were able to detect changes in weather patterns and collect various other types of planetary information. Rovers To date, the most advanced form of Martian drone sent to our neighboring planet is the rover. Over the years, NASA has sent

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SCIENCE IN DRONES