9781422275948

MICRONUTRIENTS: MINERALS •  Inorganic compounds not synthesized by the body •  Needed in very small quantities but essential •  Important for biochemical processes and formation of cells and tissues •  Sources: plants and animal products • Energy requirements: - -  Energy is needed to maintain health, growth, and appro- priate physical activity - -  Energy needs vary based on age, gender, and activity level •  Met through an age-appropriate needed for basic body functions - -  Metabolic response to food: energy needed to digest, absorb, and utilize food - -  Physical activity: work, rest, and play - -  Physiology: pregnancy, lactation, and maturation increase energy needs balanced diet based on: - -  Basal metabolism: energy

WATER •  Main component of the body (60 percent of body mass) •  Needed for digestion, absorp- tion and other body functions •  Regularly lost through sweating, excretion, and breathing •  The advice to drink 8 cups of water (1.9 liters) of water per day is very general, but is probably a good guideline for the average person. However, needs can vary. •  A more exact amount needed each day is the following: 11.5 cups (2.7 liters) for women and 15.5 cups (3.7 liters) for men. This includes water that you

get from foods, which is typically about 20 percent of overall intake.

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