9781422279236

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C L I MAT E C H A NG E A N D T H E P O L A R R E G I O N S

Studying Climate Change in the Polar Regions Research into CO 2 levels began during the 1950s. The effort received a push fromthe International GeophysicalYear (IGY), which began in 1957. During the IGY, scientists from more than 60 countries studied such topics as gravity, global weather patterns, the oceans, and earthquakes.The effort was based on earlier international efforts to study the polar regions, and Antarctica was a major focus of the IGY. A young sci- entist named Charles David Keeling

An Important Curve

Trained as a chemist, Charles David Keeling had an early inter- est in studying carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. He built his own device to measure it and then be- gan collecting samples around the globe. He wanted to try to collect data that would test the idea that human activity was raising CO 2 levels. That led to his work in Ant- arctica and Hawaii, which showed the levels were rising from year to year, though within a given year CO 2 levels rise and fall. Keel- ing’s and others’ research later showed the oceans were not able to absorb all the CO 2 produced. Working at the Scripps Institute of Oceanography for almost 50

years, Keeling amassed a huge amount of information on rising CO 2 levels. The graphed results of what he measured in Hawaii over the decades are known as the Keeling Curve (right). The curve is considered so important to science that a copy of it is carved into the wall of the National Academy of Sciences in Washington, D.C.