9781422279267

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Seeking Cooperation

Words to Understand anthropologist  a scientist who studies how different groups of people live chair  in this sense, the person or group chosen to lead a committee extracting  removing something from where it is found protocol  a document that spells out the details of an international agreement seabed  the bottom of the ocean

T he first indigenous people of the Arctic settled in that cold region perhaps as long as 40,000 years ago in Siberia. From Asia, some groups of people traveled eastward, reaching North America and thenGreenland,while others movedwestward into northern Europe. Wherever the people settled, they hunted to survive. Many of the indigenous people relied on sea mammals, such as walruses, whales, and seals for food. In parts of the Arc- tic, they traded with other indigenous people or foreign nations thousands of miles away. Goods fromAlaska, for example, made their way to China, and items from that nation, such as tea, were sent back to the Arctic.

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