A History of the Civil Rights Movement

Chapter Notes

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“We hold these Truths . . .” Declaration of Independence. http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/declaration_transcript.html “involuntary servitude” Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (1865). http://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=true&doc=40 “White men alone . . .” Carol Berkin et al., Making America: A History of the United States. Volume 1: To 1877 (Stamford, Conn.: Cengage Learning, 2007), p. 441. “all persons within . . .” Civil Rights Act of 1875, cited at Reconstruction: The Second Civil War , PBS American Experience. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/reconstruction/activism/ps_1875.html “was undoubtedly to enforce . . .” Plessy v. Ferguson , 163 U.S. 537 (1896). http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?court=us&vol= 163&invol=537 “It is hereby declared . . .” Harry S. Truman, Executive Order 9981. http://www.trumanlibrary.org/photos/9981a.jpg “segregation of white and colored . . .” Brown v. Board of Education , 347 U.S. 483 (1954). http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/cgi bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=347&invol=483 “everybody needed to know . . .” Mamie Till Mobley, quoted in American Experience: The Murder of Emmett Till, PBS (2003). http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/till/filmmore/pt.html “Let me have those seats . . .” Rosa Parks with Jim Haskins, Rosa Parks: My Story (New York: Dial Books, 1992), p. 86. “could not have been intended . . .” Ibid.

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“I could not see how . . .” Ibid.

“I’m going to have you arrested . . .” Ibid. “Why do you all push us around?” Ibid., p. 116.

“We had to make it clear . . .” Martin Luther King Jr., “The Power of Non-violence” (June 4, 1957). http://teachingamericanhistory.org/library/index.asp?document=1131

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