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crime scenes, they should have a strong background in quantitative and qualitative analysis, instrumentation, and experimentation. Additionally, criminalists who deal with forensic chemistry must pay meticulous attention to detail, as they conduct numerous tests and analyses where even the smallest error can negatively alter the outcome in a big way. Applying analytical techniques to evidence can be rigorous, time- consuming, and exhausting, so patience, persistence, and the ability to stay calm when handling biological material are also vital. While a majority of forensic chemistry transpires in a lab, these specialists may also be called to a crime scene. They might examine blood patterns to investigate whether a death was accidental or intentional, or whether fire patterns are related to a case of potential arson. When out in the field, forensic chemists have to be comfortable functioning in a chaotic or gruesome environment and carrying out their tasks in a collaborative manner alongside other criminologists. The data that forensic chemists gather from samples, as well as their scientific interpretations, can make a significant difference in how a civil or criminal investigation plays out. That’s why it is also important for these professionals to have strong written and other verbal skills. Not only do they write detailed reports of their findings that have to withstand scrutiny, but they also are often called on to give testimony during trials and defend their work in a court of law. They must be able to stay composed, concise, and clear while undergoing direct and cross- examination by the prosecution and defense. Throughout their career, a forensic chemist may advance through a particular agency or department, transitioning to a lab supervisor or director role, or may establish a private practice and work as a consultant. There are also career opportunities for forensic chemists in academia and administration for those who are more interested in theory and research than the day-to-day, hands-on work in the field. Employment Outlook The forensic science field shows promise for prospective professionals but with a few caveats. According to the U.S. Department of Labor’s Bureau of Labor Statistics, employment of forensic science technicians, which includes forensic chemists, is projected to grow 14 percent from 2018 to 2028, which is significantly faster than the average for all occupations. However, the Bureau adds, because this is a relatively small occupation,

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Forensic Chemistry